The inverter outputs three phase AC current to a step-up transformer. The step-up transformer outputs to a collector in the substation component, in which flows to the collector arrangement, feeder arrangement and key protection component.
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Its principle of operation is based on the alternating closure and disconnection of power electronic switching devices, thus converting the DC supply voltage into a series of pulsed voltages, which are then converted into stabilized AC power through a filter.
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Consider, by way of an illustration, a 1000W inverter operating at 12 V DC, and using 85 percent efficiency, results in a current of input current of 98A. The knowledge of these values is crucial in choosing the right cables, fuses, and batteries, avoiding overheating.
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Formula: Inverter Size (kW) ≈ (Array Capacity ÷ ILR) × (1 - Losses%) × Efficiency. Grid-tied inverters work best when sized 80–100% of total PV DC rating.
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