The MCU is the core processor that runs the BMS firmware and algorithms. Key considerations when selecting the MCU include: Processing power – more complex analysis like impedance tracking requires higher speeds. Popular MCUs range from 50-400 MHz.
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The BMS is built with components such as a microcontroller, various sensors, and an Arduino Mega, and operates with three modes: charging, discharging, and grid mode.
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The battery controller unit typically comprises a battery monitor and protector, a suite of control algorithms, and a microcontroller or digital signal processor (DSP).
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The BMS is the central control for the battery and vehicle interface. It handles a wide range of signals, including cell-level inputs, collision detection, CAN bus, charging, coolant pumps, high-voltage systems, and insulation monitoring. A single deep discharge can permanently.
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